Yuri Galanskov (1939-1972) was a Russian poet, historian, human rights activist and dissident.

For his political activities, such as founding and editing samizdat almanac Phoenix, he was incarcerated in prisons, camps and forced treatment psychiatric hospitals (see psikhushka).

In 1967, he was sentenced to seven years of labor camp, where he died, allegedly after an unsuccessful surgical operation on ulcer.