What Went Wrong? : Western Impact and Middle Eastern Response is a popular book by Bernard Lewis that appeared in January 2002. It was written shortly before the September 11th terrorist attack. The nucleus of this book appeared as an article published in The Atlantic Monthly, in January 2002. The book's thesis is that throughout our recent history, the Islamic world has failed to modernize with the western world, and therein lies much of the conflict over the two cultures.

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