Voter Verified Audit Trail (VVAT) or Voter Verified Paper Ballot (VVPB) is a method of guarding against fraud in cases of electronic voting, by providing a means by which a manual vote count can be conducted if an audit of the electronic system is necessary. Various technologies can be used to implement this method, including
- Attaching printers to touch-screen or DRE electronic voting machines, which print paper receipts and store these with the machine. Such designs usually present the receipt to the voter behind a glass screen, so that the voter can verify that the receipt matches the vote.
- In optical scan voting systems , the paper ballot marked by voters can be manually counted.
- In punch card voting systems , the paper ballot marked by the voter via the machine can be counted manually. This may involve examining chads , made famous by the controversies over hanging chads in Florida in the 2000 US Presidential election.
- Cryptographic systems, with receipts involving some form of cryptographic code.
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