The United States Senate Committee on the District of Columbia was one of the first standing committees created in the Senate, in 1816. It continued to exist until the reorganization of 1977 when, following the granting of home rule to the district, its duties were transferred to the Committee on Governmental Affairs.

Chairmen of the Committee on the District of Columbia, 1816-1977

• Armistead Mason (R-VA) 1816-1817
• Robert Henry Goldsborough (F-MD) 1817-1819
• Outerbridge Horsey (F-DE) 1819-1821
• James Barbour (R-VA) 1821-1823
• Edward Lloyd (R-MD) 1823-1826
• Ezekiel F. Chambers (NR-MD) 1826-1827
• John Eaton (D-TN) 1827-1829
• Ezekiel F. Chambers (NR/W-MD) 1829-1834
• John Tyler (W-VA) 1834-1836
• Joseph Kent (W-MD) 1836-1837
• William Roane (D-VA) 1837-1839
• William Merrick (W-MD) 1839-1841
• Richard Bayard (W-DE) 1841-1842
• Jacob Miller (W-NJ) 1842-1845
• William Haywood, Jr. (D-NC) 1845-1846
• Simon Cameron (D-PA) 1846-1848
• Herschel V. Johnson (D-GA) 1848-1849
• James Mason (D-VA) 1849-1851
• James Shields (D-IL) 1851-1853
• Moses Norris, Jr. (D-NH) 1853-1855
• Albert Brown (D-MS) 1855-1861
• James Grimes (R-IA) 1861-1865
• Lot Morrill (R-ME) 1865-1867
• James Harlan (R-IA) 1867-1869
• Hannibal Hamlin (R-ME) 1869-1870
• James Patterson (R-NH) 1870-1873
• John F. Lewis (R-VA) 1873-1875
• George E. Spencer (R-AL) 1875-1877
• Stephen Dorsey (R-AR) 1877-1879
• Isham G. Harris (D-TN) 1879-1881
• John Ingalls (R-KS) 1881-1891
• James McMillan (R-MI) 1891-1893
• Isham G. Harris (D-TN) 1893-1895
• James K. Jones (D-AR) 1895-1896
• James McMillan (R-MI) 1896-1902
• Jacob Gallinger (R-NH) 1903-1913
• John Walter Smith (D-MD) 1913-1919
• Lawrence Y. Sherman (R-IL) 1919-1921
• L. Heisler Ball (R-DE) 1921-1925
• Arthur Capper (R-KS) 1925-1933
• William H. King (D-UT) 1933-1941
• Pat McCarran (D-NV) 1941-1945
• Theodore G. Bilbo (D-MS) 1945-1947
• C. Douglass Buck (R-DE) 1947-1949
• J. Howard McGrath (D-RI) 1949
• Matthew M. Neely (D-WV) 1949-1953
• Francis Case (R-SD) 1953-1955
• Matthew M. Neely (D-WV) 1955-1958
• Alan Bible (D-NV) 1958-1969
• Joseph D. Tydings (D-MD) 1969-1971
• Thomas F. Eagleton (D-MO) 1971-1977