Turanian Society (Turkish language: Tûran cemiyti, Tatar language: Turan cämğiäte), a society founded in 1839 by Tatars, aiming at uniting the various Turkic peoples of the Russian empire.

The name is derived from Turan an ancient Persian name for Turkestan , the Turkic languages areas of Central Asia.

The organisation is one of the earliest fore-runners for modern Pan-Turkism and Turanism

During the latter part of the 19th century and the early 20th century similar societies were founded in many other countries with perceived Turanian roots.

• Hungarian Turanian Society , Hungary, founded 1910,
• Turanian Alliance of Hungary founded 1920
• Turanian National Alliance , Japan 1921
• Japanese Turanian Society early 1930s