The tunic was the common masculine garment of Roman Civilization. It was worn by citizens and non-citizens alike; citizens, though, would wear it under the toga, especially at formal occasions. The presence or lack of stripes, as well as the width and ornamentation, would indicate the wearer's status in Roman society.

In Western culture, its use continues primarily in a religious and uniform context. It is the primary garment worn by the clergy, and members of religious orders. It is also the name often given to the coat worn by military and police personnel, usually close-fitting, buttoned up the front, either high-collared or open-necked, and of a variety of lengths (although most commonly with short skirts).