Thomas Claiborne (May 17, 1780 - January 7, 1856) was a son of Thomas Claiborne (1749-1812) and brother of John Claiborne. He was a Representative from Tennessee; born near Petersburg, Brunswick County, Virginia, May 17, 1780; attended the common schools in Virginia; served as major on the staff of Gen. Andrew Jackson in the Creek War. He studied law and was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Nashville, Tennessee, in 1807. He served for some years in the general assembly of Tennessee; elected as a Republican to the Fifteenth Congress (March 4, 1817-March 3, 1819); resumed the practice of law in Nashville, where he died January 7, 1856; interment in Nashville City Cemetery.