Superprofit, in Marxist theory, is the result of unusually severe exploitation. All capitalist profit is based on exploitation (the business owners extract surplus value from the workers), but superprofit is achieved by taking exploitation above and beyond its normal level.

Political repression of workers allows capitalists to extract superprofits, while normally negotiated contract labor only allows them to extract normal profits.

According to Lenin, superprofits are extracted from the workers in colonial (or "third world") countries by the imperialist powers in the "first world". Part of these superprofits are then distributed (in the form of increased living standards) to the workers in the imperialists' home countries, in order to buy their loyalty, achieve political stability and avoid a workers' revolution. The workers who receive a large enough share of the superprofits have an interest to defend the capitalist system, so they become a labor aristocracy.

See also: Leninism