Rampur is a former princely state of India ruled by a Muslim Nawab. It was incorporated into Uttar Pradesh state in 1949.

The Royal family of Rampur (the Nawabs) did not rise in revolt during the War of Independence of 1857 and this enabled it to continue to play a role in the social, political and culture life of South Asia in general and the Muslims of South Asia in particular. They gave refuge to some of the literary figures from the Court of Bahadur Shah Zafar. The family continues to be significant. Significant members include Sahabzada Yaqub Khan.