Perspective (cognitive) refers to a theory of cognition in which the choice of a context or a reference (or the result of this choice) influences how we sense, categorize, measure, or codify experience, typically for comparing with another. One may further recognize a number of subtly distinctive meanings, close to those of Point of view, Weltanschauung, and paradigm.
The key idea unifying these types of perspective is that human experience is tied closely to the one's point of view.