In September 1929, Marcus Garvey founded the People's Political Party (PPP), Jamaica's first modern political party. A 14 point manifesto -- the first of its kind in the island's electoral history -- was put forward by Garvey. The points contained in the PPP's manifesto were far-reaching and perceptive as illustrated by a few of them, such as:

• an eight-hour work day;
• a minimum wage;
• a larger share of self-government;
• protection for native industries;
• a legal aid department for the poor;
• technical schools for each parish;
• land reform;
• libraries and civic improvement for parish capitals;
• city status for Montego Bay and Port Antonio;
• a National Park at the Kingston Race Course;