A Papal conclave was held commencing December 14,1830 after the death of Pope Pius VIII.It did not conclude until the February 2,1831 election of Mauro Alberto Cappellari as Pope Gregory XVI.

No conclave since has lasted as much as one week, but at the time no conclave had lasted less than three weeks since 1667.

45 of the 54 living cardinals participated, and Bartolomeo Pacca presided as Dean of the Sacred College. Cappellari, then a Benedictine priest and prefect of the Congregatio de Propaganda Fide, was also the last Pope not yet a bishop when elected.