Jonathan Penrose (born 1933) is an English chess grandmaster who won the British Chess Championship ten times from 1958 to 1969. He is the son of Lionel Penrose and brother of Roger Penrose.

Penrose was the leading British player for several years in the 1960s and early 70s, winning the British Championshop a record number of times. He was of near grandmaster standard, but did not achieve the title in over-the-board play, despite some notable scalps (principally beating the world champion, Tal, at the 1960 Leipzig Olympiad [[1]]. Penrose suffered from nerves (he collapsed at the 1968 Olympiad in the midst of a tense game). He moved instead to Correspondence Chess, where he was successful, winning the grandmaster title.