Israel Pickens (January 30 1780 – April 24 1827) was an American politician, serving two terms as Governor of the state of Alabama from 1821 to 1825. He was also in the North Carolina Senate from 1808 to 1810, and represented North Carolina in the United States House of Representatives from 1811 to 1817.

After being governor, he was appointed to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy left by the death of Henry H. Chambers. He only served from February 17 to November 27 1826, when the elected successor, John McKinley, took office.