East Turkistan (or "East Turkestan") (Sherqiy Türkistan in Uyghur, Doğu Türkistan in Turkish) can refer to a number of different concepts.

• The territory of Xinjiang in western China is known as East Turkistan amongst portions of the Uyghur Turkic population.
• The concept may also refer to the broader political movement for East Turkistan independence .
• The First East Turkistan Republic was a short-lived government that existed from 1932-1934 in the area surrounding Kashgar.
• The Second East Turkistan Republic was established in 1944 and lasted until the arrival of the Chinese Communist Party People's Liberation Army in 1949.
• The East Turkestan Islamic Movement is a specific separatist organization that has been designated a terrorist group by the PRC and the United States.

Ost-Turkestan