Charles Demuth (November 9, 1883 - October 23, 1935) was an American precisionist painter.

Demuth was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania and studied at Philadelphia's Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. He later studied at Académie Colarossi and Académie Julian in Paris, where he became a part of the avant garde art scene. The Parisian artistic community was accepting of Demuth's homosexuality.

In 1926, he had a one-man show at a New York gallery run by his friend Alfred Stieglitz.

Demuth spent most of his life in frail health, and he died in Lancaster at age 51 of complications from diabetes.

His most famous painting, The Figure 5 in Gold, was inspired by William Carlos Williams's poem The Great Figure.