A capriccio or caprice is a piece of music, usually fairly free in form and of a lively character.

The term has been applied to a variety of works: in the Baroque era is was often used for short keyboard pieces (for example, by Girolamo Frescobaldi). Niccolo Paganini used it for a set of twenty-four virtuoso solo violin works, and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov used it for orchestral works (the Capriccio italien and Capriccio espagnol respectively). Johannes Brahms wrote many capriccios for piano during the later years of his life, all of which are considered to be amongst the most unique and thoughtful pieces of the late Romantic era.

Capriccio is also an opera by Richard Strauss; see Capriccio (opera) .

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