Meanings of Barbarossa (Italian: 'Red Beard'):

• Barbarossa was the nickname of two famous figures in history:
  • Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
  • Khair ad Din, Barbary pirate and Ottoman admiral.
• Barbarossa is a Spiel des Jahres award-winning German-style plasticine board game designed by Klaus Teuber in 1988.
• Operation Barbarossa was the codename used by Nazi Germany for their invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II. The operation inspired a number of wargames, including:
  • Barbarossa , a board wargame published by SPI in 1969.
  • Barbarossa , a board wargame published by TSR in 1986.
  • Barbarossa to Berlin , a Charles Roberts Award-winning card-driven wargame by GMT Games covering all of World War II.
  • , and , board wargames in GMT's East Front series. All three games also won Charles Roberts awards.
  • G-Barbarossa , a Japanese board wargame.
  • Drang Nach Osten!, the first game in the Europa series.