Arsenio Rodríguez (August 30, 1911 - December 30, 1972) was a Cuban musician who developed the son montuno. He was a prolific composer and wrote nearly two hundred songs.

He was born in the province of Matanzas. As a young child, Rodríguez was blinded when a horse kicked him in the head.

Later, he became a musician, and eventually became one of the most renowned bandleaders on the island. His music emphasized the Afro-Cuban rhythm as well as the melodic lead of the tres, which he played.