Aelia Paetina (flourished first century) was the second wife of the future emperor Claudius. Born into the family of the Aelii Tuberones, she was the adoptive sister of the praetorian prefect Sejanus.

She married Claudius in AD 28. Their only child, Claudia Antonia, was born in 30. Claudius divorced Aelia Paetina in 31, the year Sejanus fell from power. Claudius considered remarrying her after the death of Messalina, but instead chose his niece Agrippina.